The article discusses the problem of safety of technological systems of transport engineering enterprises, which is achieved by preventing the impact of production factors on workers during the entire production process. The article structures and substantiates the issues of choosing occupational safety requirements depending on the type of influencing factors, their sources, as well as depending on the technological regime.
The article examines the theoretical features of deflagration-type combustion and explosions. It has been established that the variety of causes leading to emergency explosions, as well as the conditions for the formation and ignition of a cloud of flammable mixture formed in an explosive room, determines the different nature of the effect of explosions on building structures. It is shown that the flame speed and quasi-static pressure of a deflagration explosion significantly influence the nature of destruction of enclosing structures. It has been established that in the event of a gas explosion in a building, it is extremely important to mitigate the consequences for both users and the structure, and damping the explosion wave using ventilation ducts is a highly effective method of protecting building structures.
The article discusses the main trends in the development of environmental engineering. In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to this area due to the growing awareness of the impact of human activities on the environment. Today, the main trends in the development of environmental engineering are: increased attention to sustainable development, integration of technologies, integration of renewable energy sources, Development of new materials with improved environmental properties.
The article examines the technical characteristics of the range of drillingmilling-boring machines designed for milling with end, face, disk cutters, drilling, boring, tapping, reaming, countersinking. First of all, the size and material of the workpieces are distinguished, as well as the machine power, which determines its productivity, spindle speed and drive type. Acoustic characteristics, in turn, are important for the safety of operators and compliance with noise pollution standards at manufacturing plants.
The article describes methods of improving the quality of service for people with disabilities (PWD) on railway transportation in the city of St. Petersburg by conducting a questionnaire survey of this category of citizens. A proposal was made to include an additional compartment for people with disabilities and their companions in the trains traveling between St. Petersburg and Moscow. Improving the quality of service for people with disabilities on railway transport will encourage other sectors, including transportation, to solve the problems of movement of people with disabilities, including sedentary groups.
When operating gear-shaping and gear-planing machines in locomotive gearbox manufacturing areas, it is necessary to take into account a number of occupational risk factors in order to ensure occupational safety and optimal efficiency of the production process. Workers can be exposed to various injuries, ranging from minor cuts to more serious injuries such as fractures or bruises. This is especially true in conditions of intensive use of machines, where parts with sharp edges and cutting tools move quickly. Continuous attention to occupational risk factors and their careful management can significantly improve the safety, efficiency and sustainability of the production process in locomotive gearbox manufacturing areas.
From the standpoint of modern mathematics, space is a logically conceivable form or structure in which other forms and certain constructions are carried out. To some extent, continuum mechanics and differential geometry have come to understand the topological concepts of motions.
The article discusses the scientific foundations for improving the energy efficiency of autonomous locomotives with electric power transmission. Special attention is given to the implementation of modern technologies, such as adaptive (separate) operation of diesel-generator units and the application of a unified tractionpower system (TPS) structure. A unified TPS structure is proposed, which includes various energy sources and storage units, improving the overall efficiency of autonomous locomotives.
Analyzing the condition of electric locomotives arriving for factory repairs, it becomes obvious that components and parts of electrical equipment are more subject to wear. To improve the reliability of electrical equipment at electric locomotive repair plants and depots, a phased introduction of modern diagnostic equipment, as well as new methods of diagnosis and testing of locomotives is required. This article suggests that after the repair of locomotives is completed, they should be tested in a raft. The recommended test procedure for traction rolling stock is necessary to check the traction qualities of electric locomotives, as well as to determine their technical and economic indicators.
A large number of failures of traction transformer oil pumps are due to the auxiliary electric drive. The paper examines the factors and operating conditions of the auxiliary electric drive that affect its accelerated aging and failure of oil pumps. In order to identify the causes of failures, an analysis of the Ishikawa diagram was conducted. The analysis revealed that most failures are due to the asynchronous electric motor, due to its operation in difficult conditions. To increase the service life of the oil pump, it is proposed to replace the asynchronous motor with a valveinduction machine.
The paper considers the results of determining the actual traction properties of 2TE116U locomotives and the results of performing traction calculations based on real traction characteristics. It is proved that taking into account the actual traction characteristics of locomotives significantly increases the accuracy of traction calculations.
The article analyzes the requirements for converters of switchedreluctance drives, proposes a new converter topology containing one semiconductor switch per phase. The new single-switch topology of the converter allows for full redundancy of the switched-reluctance drives, reduces the cost of the converter, simplifies its power section, and therefore increases its reliability. The article also presents the results of a physical study of a single-switch converter circuit.
The article discusses the method for increasing the energy efficiency of autonomous locomotives with electric power transmission through the use of a modular structure of the traction system. Circuit design solutions for using a modular power plant on locomotives are proposed.
